SQL Server supports a wide variety of drivers, which are used by client applications or services to connect and query for data. Please see below for a summary of the different drivers, both current and legacy.
Current SQL Drivers
The following SQL Drivers are actively developed. Each driver has a support statement that can be found by following the links.
ADO.NET
ADO.NET is a library that is a standard part of the .Net framework. It is a C# implementation of the TDS protocol, which is supported by all modern versions of SQL Server. This driver is developed, tested, and supported by Microsoft.
JDBC
The JDBC SQL driver is a Java implementation of the TDS protocol, which is supported by all modern versions of SQL Server. This driver is developed, tested, and supported by Microsoft.
ODBC
The ODBC SQL driver is a C++ implementation of the TDS protocol, which is supported by all modern versions of SQL Server. This driver is developed, tested, and supported by Microsoft.
PHP
The PHP SQL driver relies on the Microsoft SQL Server ODBC Driver to handle the low-level communication with SQL Server. This driver is developed, tested, and supported by Microsoft.
Node.js
The Node.js SQL driver is hosted and supported by the Node.js Foundation, a collaborative project at the Linux Foundation.
Legacy SQL Drivers
The following SQL Drivers were developed and tested by Microsoft, but are not recommended to be used for new development. Each driver has a support statement that can be found by following the links.
OLEDB
The OLE DB provider will not be included after SQL Server 2012.
ADO
The ADO SQL driver has a direct dependency on the OLE DB provider. As such, it will not be supported after SQL Server 2012.
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